I looked at this old question to understand the xmlns:android thing, here A xmlns:android, how does that actually work?I am new to XML and Android, so I could not understand the comment and I need help for that. Here is the comment - From a pure XML point of view, the URI need not refer to anything that exists anywhere. You could write xmlns:rutski="www.rutski.com" and the file would be ok as far as XML is concerned. The presence of the namespace allows you to place nodes in it. E.g. androidrientation="vertical" puts the orientation attribute in the android namespace. This becomes relevant when the file is processed by other software, e.g. validated against a schema. The schema will be defined as expecting the nodes in the XML file to reside in a given namespace, which will be schemas.android.com/apk/res/android. \[code\]1 - What exactly are these nodes and how does life become better by using them ? In the above comment, where is the node located ? 2 - What would the xml look like if we did not use namespace ? \[/code\]